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- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality that occurs in hospitalized patients, and it is recognized as a serious in-hospital complication. It is a complex electrolyte disorder that results mainly from water imbalances and dysregulation of arginine vasopressin. Hyponatremia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among geriatric patients and patients with heart, liver, or neurologic diseases. The following educational module discusses the pathophysiology of hyponatremia, outlines methods for differentiating the cause, and provides examples of how to manage hyponatremia in various situations commonly faced by hospitalists.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
Therapeutic advances in cancer therapy have led to an increase in the number of patients undergoing surgery as part of their cancer treatment. These patients present several unique challenges, including weighing risks against adverse effects of delaying time-sensitive treatment and taking the patient’s cancer and its treatment into account when determining postoperative management. The following module discusses these topics, with an emphasis on cardiovascular and pulmonary toxicities of radiation and chemotherapeutic agents as well as common hematologic problems encountered in patients with cancer or a history of cancer treatment.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
$95.00
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major cause of postoperative illness, longer hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs, making the prevention and treatment of SSIs an important aspect of patient care for hospitalists. The following module outlines patient and procedural factors that increase the risk of SSIs, examines the basic principles of antimicrobial prophylaxis for SSI, reviews nonantibiotic interventions to lessen the risk of SSI, and outlines evaluation for and treatment of an SSI. In addition, a discussion of the controversy surrounding preoperative decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus is provided.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important complication following cardiac and noncardiac surgery. Up to 18% of hospitalized patients develop AKI, and those who are critically ill have an even higher risk. Comparatively, the incidence of AKI in the perioperative period is 18-47%(1). Patients with even modest increases in their serum creatinine have increases in their mortality, morbidity, length of stay, and hospital costs. Perioperative AKI is associated with an increased risk of sepsis, anemia, coagulopathy, and mechanical ventilation. Notably, mortality is higher in patients with perioperative AKI even after complete renal recovery(1). Perioperative AKI correlates with type of surgical procedure, patient characteristics, volume status, hemodynamics, and exposure to nephrotoxins. Presurgical risk stratification and early risk mitigation is extremely important to avoid injury and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). The following module defines perioperative AKI, identifies specific risk factors and tools for risk stratification, provides an overview of the workup of perioperative AKI, and evaluates various renal protective strategies that can be implemented during this high-risk period.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
Medical consultation is an important clinical responsibility for most hospitalists. Traditionally, consultants evaluated patients at the request of the referring physician (RP) and provided an assessment and recommendations. Today, hospitalists are also asked to provide both informal “curbside” advice and more comprehensive comanagement of medical problems. Hospitalists who are effective consultants communicate skillfully and act professionally. The following module describes the different roles that hospitalists can perform as medical consultants and provides strategies for improving communication and RP satisfaction.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
Elizabeth A. Cerceo, MD, FACP, FHM
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
As a consultant, hospitalists commonly risk stratify and offer risk reduction strategies for patients undergoing surgery. Effective perioperative pulmonary risk consultation requires hospitalists to identify patient- and procedure-related predictors for developing postoperative pulmonary complications and to propose strategies to reduce the risk. The following module will examine these topics and provide evidence-based risk reduction strategies. In addition, the role of routine preoperative spirometry and chest radiograph will be discussed.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
Anemia is frequently seen in patients undergoing surgery, and patients with preoperative anemia are more likely to receive perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions than patients with normal hemoglobin levels. Allogeneic blood transfusions are associated with an increase in the rate of postoperative complications.
Evaluation of anemia should be performed in the preoperative period and begins with taking a detailed history and physical examination. All efforts must be used to correct anemia or reduce blood loss during surgery to avoid allogeneic blood transfusion. In this module, we will discuss many scenarios commonly faced in perioperative practice.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
The goal of anesthesia is to facilitate a surgical procedure both for patient and surgeon. Not only does an anesthesia team relieve and prevent pain and anxiety due to surgical procedures, but it also expedites the conduct of procedures and optimizes surgical conditions by preventing patient movement and ensuring hemodynamic stability. While some procedures require a small amount of sedation, others require general anesthesia and/or regional anesthesia. This module discusses the basic types of surgical anesthesia as well as the indications and contraindications for each. Additionally, the most commonly used medications will be reviewed, including mechanism of action and side effects. An overview of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Classification Status System is presented along with considerations that may prompt an anesthesiologist to delay or cancel a surgical procedure.
- Free-to-Member
- Perioperative and Consultative Medicine
- 2.00 ABIM MOC Self Evaluation Points
- 2.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
$95.00
Alana E. Sigmund, MD and Jason F. Shiffermiller, MD, MPH